06/01/2022 Excited to share that the CDCN and the CSTL at Penn have published a new study that uncovers a possible new treatment approach for Castleman disease. We previously identified that mTOR, a key communication line in the immune system, was activated in Castleman disease and this led to the use of sirolimus in Castleman disease patients, which has been effective in a portion of patients. Now, we’ve discovered that another related communication line is highly active and may require another treatment approach.
Abstract
Idiopathic multicentric Castleman disease (iMCD) is a rare and life-threatening hae–matologic disorder involving polyclonal lymphoproliferation and organ dysfunction due to excessive cytokine production, including interleukin-6 (IL-6). Clinical trial and real-world data demonstrate that IL-6 inhibition is effective in 34–50% of patients. mTOR, which functions through mTORC1 and mTORC2, is a recently discovered ther–apeutic target. The mTOR inhibitor sirolimus, which preferentially inhibits mTORC1, has led to sustained remission in a small cohort of anti-IL-6- refractory iMCD patients with thrombocytopenia, anasarca, fever, renal dysfunction and organomegaly (iMCD- TAFRO). However, sirolimus has not shown uniform effect, potentially due to its lim–ited mTORC2 inhibition. To investigate mTORC2 activation in iMCD, we quantified the mTORC2 effector protein pNDRG1 by immunohistochemistry of lymph node tis–sue from six iMCD-TAFRO and eight iMCD patients who do not meet TAFRO crite–ria (iMCD- not-otherwise-specified; iMCD-NOS). mTORC2 activation was increased in all regions of iMCD-TAFRO lymph nodes and the interfollicular space of iMCD- NOS compared with control tissue. Immunohistochemistry also revealed increased pNDRG1 expression in iMCD-TAFRO germinal centres compared with autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome (ALPS), an mTOR-driven, sirolimus- responsive lym–phoproliferative disorder, and comparable staining between iMCD-NOS and ALPS. These results suggest increased mTORC2 activity in iMCD and that dual mTORC1/mTORC2 inhibitors may be a rational therapeutic approach.